Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology
بوم شناسي كاربردي
Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology
Agriculture
http://ijae.iut.ac.ir
1
admin
2476-3128
2476-3217
doi
fa
jalali
1397
4
1
gregorian
2018
7
1
7
1
online
1
fulltext
fa
تجزیه و تحلیل مؤلفههای اصلی اثرگذار بر انتشار آلودگی صوتی در جاده پارک ملی گلستان
Principal Components Analysis of Main Factors Affecting Noise Pollution in Main Road of Golestan National Park
عمومى
General
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آلودگی</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">صوتی ترافیک</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تهدیدی</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جدی</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برای گونههای حیات وحش است، به</span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">طوری</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">که</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">یکی از عوامل منزوی کننده و کاهنده جمعیت است</span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">. بزرگراه آسیایی تهران- مشهد</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">که</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بخشی</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آن</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به طول 51/26 کیلومتر </span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">پارک ملی گلستان</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">قرار</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دارد،</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بهعنوان</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مهمترین</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">منبع</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آشفتگی</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">صوتی در</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">داخل</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">منطقه</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">است</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">.</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> هدف</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">این</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تعیین</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مهمترین</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">معیارهای</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مؤثر</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">انتشار آلودگی صوتی این جاده است که برای نیل به این هدف از روش</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تحلیل</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مؤلفههای</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اساسی</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">استفاده</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شد. برای</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ارزیابی وضعیت انتشار صدا </span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و پارامترهای تأثیرگذار از مطالعات کتابخانهای و سنجش میدانی پارامترها در محدوده بافر 250 متری استفاده شد. 16 متغیر در سه گروه پارامترهای ترافیکی، </span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">هندسه سطح جاده</span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> و پارامترهای محیطی استخراج </span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و درون پلات‏های دایره‏ای به شعاع 25 متر بهمدت 15 دقیقه اندازه‏گیری شدند. براساس نتایج،</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شش عامل اصلی سرعت خودروهای سبک، رطوبت محیط، ارتفاع از سطح دریا، تعداد خودروهای سبک، فاصله از جاده و شیب پلات در</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مجموع 396/72</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">درصد واریانس</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دادهها</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">را</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">توجیه</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">میکنند. با</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">استفاده</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">از</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نتایج</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">میتوان</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اقدامات مدیریتی مربوط به کاهش آلودگی صوتی را براساس معیارهای استخراج شده انجام داد و مسؤلین</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">حفاظت محیط زیست میتوانند</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">صرف</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">هزینه</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">زمان</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کمتر</span></span></span> <span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به مدیریت منطقه از لحاظ آلودگی صوتی بپردازند</span></span></span><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></span><br>
Traffic noise pollution is a serious threat to wildlife species, resulting in isolating and reducing the population. The Asian Highway of Tehran-Mashhad, from which a 26.51 km long part is located inside Golestan National Park, is the main source of noise disturbance inside the area. The purpose of this study was to determine the most important criteria for noise pollution of this road; in order to achieve this goal, the Principle Components Analysis method was used. To assess the sound emissions and to study the parameters affecting it, desk studies and field visits were used in a 250-meter buffer zone. A total of 16 variables in three different categories of traffic parameters, geometry parameters and environmental parameters were extracted, andthe circular plots were measured at a radius of 25 m for 15 minutes. The results of PCA showed that six main factors including the speed of light vehicles, the humidity, the altitude above sea level, the number of light vehicles, the distance from the road and the plot slope could justify a total of 72.396 % of the variance of the data. Based on the results, management measures could be taken to reduce the noise pollution based on the extracted criteria, and the noise pollution could be managed more efficiently by spending less time and money.<br>
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تحلیل مؤلفههای اصلی, آلودگی صوتی, پارک ملی گلستان, جاده
Principal Component Analysis, Noise pollution, Golestan National Park, Road.
13
25
http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-995-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
K.
Shayesteh
کامران
شایسته
ka_shayesteh@yahoo.com
10031947532846008645
10031947532846008645
Yes
Malayer Univ., Malayer, Iran.
دانشگاه ملایر
SH.
Gharibi
شیوا
غریبی
10031947532846008646
10031947532846008646
No
Malayer Univ., Malayer, Iran.
دانشگاه ملایر