2024-03-29T01:46:37+04:30 http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
1-26 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 2476-3128 2476-3217 doi 2012 1 1 Modeling the spatial distribution of wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) attacks on human using genetic algorithm (GARP) in Hamedan province N Behdarvand n.behdarvand@yahoo.com M Kaboli R Ebrahimpour B Jabbarian Amiri   In recent decades due to steady human population growth coupled with increased use of resources and habitat degradation, conflicts between humans and carnivores have greatly been expanded. In order to mitigate these conflicts based on a clear understanding of conflict patterns, applying the species distribution models as helpful methods has been suggested. Occurring the recent conflict between wolves and local communities in Hamedan province is a clear case of this problem. In this study, capabilities of the genetic algorithm (GARP) were assessed in the modeling spatial distribution of wolf attacks in Hamedan province during 2006-2012. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate performance of the model. Findings indicated that the applied modelingapproach has a very good performance (area under curve=0.856) inpredicting the spatial distribution of wolf attacks on humans. In addition, based on the results of sensitivity analysis, land-cover t ype, human population density and distance from main road were the most effective parameters. Findings of the present study can be applied in formulation of an adaptive management plan for wolf conservation and mitigation of the conflicts with local communities. Hamedan province human-wolf conflict genetic algorithm for rule-set prediction (GARP) modeling distribution attacks 2012 6 01 4 14 http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-26-en.pdf
1-27 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 2476-3128 2476-3217 doi 2012 1 1 The winter and spring habitat suitability of black woodpecker (Dryocopusmartius) in ShastKalateh S Karimi Karimi.soroor@yahoo.com H Varasteh Moradi HR Rezaei   Investigation of the ecological characteristics of wildlife species and determination of habitat suitability for them is one of the main pillars for wildlife management and protection. In this study, the winter and spring habitat suitability of black woodpecker (Dryocopusmartius) was studied in ShastKalateh forest. Habitat characteristics, including forest vegetationtype, structural characteristics of vegetation and topographic parameters together with presence and absence of woodpeckers were recorded within each of 103 sampling plots with a radius of 25 m. The Results of binary logistic regression showed that forest vegetation type, the number of snags, fallen dead trees and trees with height more than 20 m together with habitat elevation (a.s.l.) were the most important parameters affecting the presence of black woodpecker in spring. Moreover, forest vegetation type, the number of snags, trees with height more than 20 m and trees with dbh more than 20 cm together with the elevation (a.s.l.) and slope of habitat were the most important parameters affecting the presence of black woodpecker in winter. The results indicated that this bird species prefers old forest habitats composed with tall and thick trees specially beech trees. Due to high dependency of species such as black woodpecker on the old and undisturbed forest habitats, controlling severe exploitation of such habitats is therefore essential for the conservation of such bird species. Habitat modeling black woodpecker habitat characteristics binary logistic regression 2012 6 01 15 29 http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.pdf
1-28 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 2476-3128 2476-3217 doi 2012 1 1 Investigation of urban growth impacts on suitability of conservational patches using a landscape ecological approach (Study Area: Korganroud Watershed) M Sheikh Goodarzi goodarzi.9091@gmail.com A Alizadeh Shabani A Salman Mahiny J Feghhi   Urbanization is one of the most significant global changes. The rapid growth in urban area isimposing high pressure to land and their resources. With regard to various ecological services of the Hyrcanian ecosystems and the necessity to conserve them, this research aimed to investigate the growth trend of urban areas and their impacts on land suitability of the conservational patches in Korganroud watershed, Guilan Province. First, the undeveloped parts of the watershed were divided into two main ecosystem types of forest and rangeland. Then, for each ecosystem type, required parameters of the CAPS Model (land capability and ecological parameters) were calculated and combined using linear combination approach. In total, 14 different zones with an area o 64,541 hectare (19% of the watershed‘s area: 13% jungle and 6% rangeland ecosystems) were distinguished as conservational patches. Simulation of the urban growth was done using a Markov-Cellular Automata Urban Change Modeling method called SLEUTH. We designed three different scenarios of historical, managed and ecologically sustainable growth for the period of 2008 - 2050. Finally, integration of the results of two approaches was implemented using a loose coupling approach. Results reflect a general trend in decline of patch suitability influenced by type and size of the urban area growth. According to the results, the observed changes in urban growth for the historical scenario provide a development approach different to the changes for the other two scenarios which collectively fall in another approach to development. Thus, conservational suitability of the area can be preserved by changing the development approach and harnessingcurrent trend of the urban area growth. Conservational suitability CAPS urban growth SLEUTH cellular automata watershed 2012 6 01 30 43 http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.pdf
1-29 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 2476-3128 2476-3217 doi 2012 1 1 The influence of wood land size and shape on bird Species richness and diversity in Karkas protected area S Khalilabadi MR Hemami M Kaboli S Matinkhah A Soffianian   Determining landscape parameters influencing species richness of habitat patches is one of the most important issues in conservation biology. Many previous studies have investigated the influence of habitat parameters on bird assemblages in forest patches, but studies seeking effects of oasis parameters on bird assemblages are very scarce. Karkas Protected Area is located in semi-arid zone in   the central Iran, comprising a number of woodland patches supporting different groups of birds. We studied the influence of patch size and shape on bird species richness and diversity of woodland patches in Karakas Protected Area. Bird census was conducted in spring and summer 2007 within 15 woodland patches using established line transects (TL = 17.1 km). Rarefied species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were respectively used as measures of species richness and diversity. Patch parameters (area and circumference) were quantified using satellite images. Linear regression analysis revealed positive effect of patch area and negative effect of patch shape (the ratio of patch perimeter to patch area) on bird species richness and diversity. These results can be applied in management programs for biodiversity conservation, in particular, for maintaining bird species diversity.   : Forest birds Island biogeography theory Shannon-Wiener diversity index Rarified species richness linear regression 2012 6 01 44 51 http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-29-en.pdf
1-30 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 2476-3128 2476-3217 doi 2012 1 1 Comparing soil aggregate stability at different grazing intensities (case study: Bardasiab rangeland, Fereidounshahr) M Mollaei mollaei_2008@yahoo.com H Bashari M Bassiri MR Mosaddeghi   Soil quality, aggregate stability and erosion sensibility are affected by different range management practices. This research aimed to evaluate the relationships between soil organic carbon, mean weight diameter (MWD) and aggregate size distribution in the surface soil layer (0- 20 cm) of various range sites with different grazing intensities (non, slightly and heavily grazed) in Bardasiab rangeland, Feridounshahr, Isfahan province. Stratified random sampling method was used to collect soil samples along the established transects. Some physical and chemical properties of soil samples such as texture, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon (OC), MWD and sodium absorption ratio (SAR) were measured in the soil laboratory. Simple linear regression and One-way ANOVA followed by the Fisher’s LSD test were used to analyze the data. Results of regression analysis showed that MWD and OC of the soil samples were significantly correlated ( α =1%, R 2 = 61.3 %). The soil MWD values of range sites with various grazing intensities were significantly different ( α =5%). Organic carbon was increased and SAR was decreased in the sites located inside exclosures, which lead to higher soil MWD. Aggregate size distribution among various sites were significantly different ( α =5%) only for the aggregate smaller than 0.25 mm. Soil aggregates sizes between non-grazed and heavily grazed sites were also significantly different only for the size ranges of 4- 8 mm ) α =5%, ( and less than 0.25 mm ) α=1% (. In addition, macro aggregates increased and micro aggregates decreased in range sites with no or slight grazing intensity, respectively as these sites experienced low trampling and increased litter and organic carbons. Soil aggregate stability can therefore be used as an appropriate indicator for monitoring the impact of different management practices on rangeland soil quality and health. Aggregate stability soil mean weight diameter (MWD) exclosure grazing intensity 2012 6 01 52 63 http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-30-en.pdf
1-31 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 2476-3128 2476-3217 doi 2012 1 1 Estimation the recreational value of Najvan park of Isfahan using a contingent valuation method M Sameti SH Moeeni S Mardiha sara42m@yahoo.com M KhanizadeAmiri   Determining the real value of natural ecosystems, due to their significant function and ecosystem services and necessity of the best management for make use of them, has a great importance. Recently, natural resource economists have studied ecosystem value of natural resources and its role in human welfare. These studies have made a considerable progress in valuation of environmental as well as ecological services that an ecosystem can offer. Therefore this study tries to determine recreational value of Najvan Park and measure of individual’s willingness to pay (WTP) based on contingent valuation method (CVM) and dichotomous choices (DC). Logit model was used for measuring of individual WTP. The model parameters were estimated based on the maximum likelihood (ML) method. Moreover, the marginal effects of the changes in involved variables in considered model were determined using by factor for calculating of marginal effects. The results showed that individual preservation WTP in Najvan Park is directly related to income and education while it is negatively related tobid, age and the number of family member. The calculation of the expectancy of WTP using logit model led to 8,983 Rials monthly WTP per person. Najvan Park recreational value contingent valuation method (CVM) willingness to pay logit model 2012 6 01 64 79 http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-31-en.pdf
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Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 2476-3128 2476-3217 doi 2012 1 1 Ecological assessment of the Tajan river using feeding groups of benthic macroinvertebrates and biotic indices M Sharifinia moslem.sharifinia@yahoo.com J Imanpour A Bozorgi   One of the best practical methods to understand ecological status of a water body and determine impacts of human intervention in reducing water quality is using benthic macroinvertebrates as assessment tools for monitoring their biological integrity and health. The Tajan River is one of the rivers of Caspian Southernsub-basin that drains the Caspian Sea. Macroinvertebrate samples were taken using Surber’s sampler (40 x 40 cm and 100µ mesh size) in 45 day intervals with 3 replicates in each sampling site for a period of one year (May 2010 to May 2011). The collected organisms were preserved in 4% formalin solution and transferred to the laboratory for identification and counting. Six different functional feeding groups of macroinvertebrate e.g. Collector-gathering, Collector-filtering, Predator, Collector-gathering /Scraper, Predator/Collector-gathering and Scraper were determined. Feeding groups of Collector-gathering, Collector-filtering and Collector-gathering /Scraper were relatively dominant in comparison to other groups. Groups of Collector-filtering and Collector-gathering were dominant in slightly and heavily polluted stations, respectively. In this study population structure measures including abundance, EPT percent and the EPT and EPT/CHIR indics were mearsured. Species diversity, species richness were also determined using Shannon- Weiner, Margalef and Jacardindics. The minimum and maximum values of Hilsenhoff biotic index were observedin stations 1 (4.29) and 5 (5.57), respectively. Moreover, the highest and lowest values of BMWP/ASPT were observed in station 1 (4.51) and 5 (3.25), respectively. Evaluation of indicators revealed less water quality at stations 2, 3 and 5 which located at the lowermost of fish farms and effluent of factory. This reduction might be implicated to the effluents of water damps from fish farms running into the stream as diversity and total abundance (%) of sociable macroinvertebrates decreased and that of resistant macrofauna increased due to water pollution. Hence, from the obtained results, this can be concluded that the use of benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicator for the assessment of water quality of the stream is desirable. River pollution Macro-invertebrates Biomonitoring Effluent Hilsenhoff index 2012 6 01 80 95 http://ijae.iut.ac.ir/article-1-32-en.pdf